The Chapter on Money Part 8: The Contradictions of Money (pp. 225-238)

4 May 2026

Marx shifts tack. He is coming to the end of his discussion of money and is beginning to lay the groundwork for his discussion of capital.

It is the elementary precondition of bourgeois society that labour should directly produce exchange value, i.e. money; and, similarly, that money should directly purchase labour, and therefore the labourer, but only in so far as he alienates his activity in the exchange.

Wage labour and capital are therefore only different forms of exchange value, of money, and since all production becomes exchange value, the individual in society becomes objectified in production. Exchange value becomes the form the social totality takes and the individual in bourgeois society becomes objectified not in her individual quality, but socially.

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